x

FREQUENCY HOPPING

INTRODUCTION

Communications plays an important role in the upliftment of the standard of living. There has been an explosive growth during past few decades, as phenomenal advances both in research and applications have been made as a result internet services, cellular technology, and many more gave new dimension to communication. These changes are also producing challenges for privacy and communications security. In cases such as military security, this creates an urgent need for advancing the state-of-the-art in communication channel security.

Wireless military communication systems have been developed to account for ever-increasing sophistication in electronic warfare (EW), ECM (Electronic counter measure), and ECCM (Electronic counter counter measure). Military systems have been developed to counteract jamming, spoofing, and detection using antijam, anti-spoofing, and low-probability-of-intercept methods.